Mechanical Properties of Three-Layer Particleboards Containing Kenaf Core as Partial Raw Material Replacement

Abstract

In Malaysia, the depletion of raw materials is beginning to affect particleboard mills, as production could decrease or cease. This will impact the Malaysian wood-based economy, both locally and globally. The use of non-wood lignocellulosic feedstocks is essential to diversify feedstock sources for mills. This study investigated the mechanical properties of particleboard (density = 700 kg/m³) made of kenaf core, rubberwood, and mixed tropical wood with different kenaf core ratios. The kenaf core ratios for the particleboards were 20%, 30%, and 40%, respectively. Boards with the dimensions 500 mm × 700 mm × 16 mm were produced. The experimental activities to determine the mechanical properties of particleboard, especially the modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and internal bond (IB) were conducted based on European standards of EN 310:1993 and EN 319:1993 using a Universal Testing Machine. The results showed that 20%, 30%, and 40% of the kenaf core ratios passed the minimum requirements for board Type P2 based on European standards of EN 312:2010. The board performance was compared with commercial boards by local manufacturers. The kenaf core performance could be further optimized for commercialization.