Comparison of Sessile Oak (Quercus petraea) and Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur L.) Wood Machinability

Abstract

It is usually stated that sessile oak wood has the same properties as pedunculate oak wood. However, in practice, sessile oak wood can be distinguished from pedunculate oak wood by appearance, quality, and machinability. The aim of the research was to compare cutting power and surface roughness, as machinability parameters, when milling sessile oak and pedunculate oak wood and to determine the effect of cutting depth and feed speed on the oak wood machinability. Radially sawn samples were milled in the longitudinal (90°-0°) cutting direction with three different cutting depths and at three feed speeds. During milling, the active electrical power and the machined surface profile were measured. The surface roughness parameters R_a, R_q, and R_z were determined according ISO 4287 (1997). The average cutting power and roughness parameters are higher when milling sessile oak than pedunculate oak wood. ANOVA showed that wood species, cutting depth, and feed speed had a statistically significant effect on cutting power and surface roughness parameters with exception of effect of cutting depth on the parameter R_z. The differences in machinability parameters between sessile and pedunculate oak wood when milling at the same feed speed and cutting depth were not sufficiently pronounced to be detected by post hoc analyses.