A Multi-Method Co-Design Framework for Elder–Cat Shared Furniture: Enhancing Feline Enrichment and Elderly Well-Being

Abstract

Against the background of population aging and the growing demand for human–pet co-living, this study proposes a dual-objective co-design framework for older adults and domestic cats and applies it to the development of an intelligent human–cat interactive chair. To address the animal-centered bias and lack of age-friendly functions in existing pet furniture, the study integrates the Kano model, AHP, QFD, and TOPSIS to establish a structured design decision-making pathway. Based on surveys of 98 older adults and behavioral analysis of 30 domestic cats, 11 core functional requirements were identified. AHP results showed that the replaceable scratching layer and composite natural wood structure accounted for 42.9% of the total weight, while QFD mapping yielded 14 design features, with modular scratching structure, quick-release scratching board slot, and natural wood segmented assembly receiving the highest scores. TOPSIS evaluation indicated that Option B achieved the optimal closeness coefficient (Ci = 0.741). The results demonstrate that integrating feline behavior stimulation with assistive functions for older adults enhances feline activity and user safety, and the proposed Kano–AHP–QFD–TOPSIS framework provides methodological support for cross-species co-design of shared furniture.