Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized from Fusarium solani as Efficient Anticancer Agents and Mapping via the Fluorescence Staining Technique

Abstract

The biogenic amalgamation of P-gold nanoparticles (P-AuNPs) was achieved utilizing the unrefined extract of the endophytic organism Fusarium solani ATLOY-04 swarmed in Plumbago rosea. The synthesized AuNPs were characterized via UV‒Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Dynamic light scattering, revealing that 8 to 15 nm nanoparticles were synthesized and were stable. The effects of anticancer cells (MCF-7) on colon cancer (HT-29) and human breast cancer were tested. After the P-AuNPs-treated cells hatched, the MTT test revealed a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability, with the greatest toxicity observed in the cells treated with the μ g/mL and 60 μ g/mL doses of P-AuNPs. The observation of additional apoptotic cells utilizing AO/EtBr, DAPI, and Rhodamine 123 revealed that P-AuNPs initiated apoptosis within the treated cells via atomic fracture, layer breakage, and disturbance of the MMP. Stream cytometry results revealed that cancer cells gathered within the G1 stage after treatment with P-AuNPs, which shows that P-AuNPs affected cancer cell cycle progression. Gold nanoparticles increased the expression of caspase 3 genes and downregulatedp53 protein in MCF-7 cell lines.