Carbon Footprint Evaluation of Melamine-Coated Particleboard Production: A Case Study In Türkiye

Abstract

Reducing the carbon footprint is a key objective in global sustainability policies to combat climate change. Wood-based composite panels, which are widely used in the construction and furniture industries, require environmental evaluation due to their production-related impacts. This study quantitatively assessed the carbon footprint of melamine-faced particleboard produced in Türkiye, following a cradle-to-gate system boundary based on the ISO 14067 (2018) standard and the IPCC 2006 Tier 1 methodology. The system boundary included raw material and process input transportation, energy consumption, melamine lamination, and waste management. Primary data were obtained directly from the production facility, while secondary data were sourced from the literature. The functional unit was defined as 1 m³ of melamine-faced particleboard, and emissions were categorized under Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3. Results indicated that 67% of the total emissions originated from Scope 3 activities, with major contributors being raw material transport, electricity consumption, and adhesive production. The carbon footprint of melamine-faced boards was calculated as 462 kg CO₂e/m³, notably higher than that of non-coated particleboard (299 kg CO₂e/m³). This study provides valuable data for future carbon footprint assessments of coated wood-based panels and offers a scientific foundation for developing sustainable production strategies in the sector.