Effects of Hydrothermal-Chemical Treatments on Bending Performance and Physical-Mechanical Properties of Four Timber Species

Authors

  • Huajie Shen School of Design, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China; Fujian University of Technology Intangible Cultural Heritage Arts and Crafts Research Center, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5462-1262
  • Caixia Bai School of Design, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China; Fujian University of Technology Intangible Cultural Heritage Arts and Crafts Research Center, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4482-0989
  • Fengwu Zhang School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Sanming University, Sanming, Fujian 365004, China
  • Yue Sun School of Design, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China; Fujian University of Technology Intangible Cultural Heritage Arts and Crafts Research Center, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China
  • Xinzhen Zhuo School of Design, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China; Fujian University of Technology Intangible Cultural Heritage Arts and Crafts Research Center, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China
  • Rongfeng Ding School of Design, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China; Fujian University of Technology Intangible Cultural Heritage Arts and Crafts Research Center, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China
  • Donghai Huang School of Design, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China; Fujian University of Technology Intangible Cultural Heritage Arts and Crafts Research Center, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China
  • Yushan Yang School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 65224, China
  • Jian Qiu School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 65224, China

Keywords:

Wood bending, Three-point bending test, Chemical modification, Elastic modulus

Abstract

The bending behavior of four key timber species (Fraxinus chinensis, teak, rubberwood, and Pinus yunnanensis) was evaluated under hydrothermal-chemical treatments. Controlled experiments at varying moisture contents (20 to 60%), temperatures (100 to 140 °C), and treatment durations (4 to 8 h) revealed that bending strength and elastic modulus decreased by 18 to 32% with increased moisture and temperature, stabilizing beyond critical thresholds (40% moisture, 120 °C). Among the treatments, the compound lye (40% ammonia + 5% ethylenediamine with surfactants) outperformed ammonia and water treatments, achieving the highest bending deformation height-to-radius ratio of 0.102. X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses confirmed selective lignin degradation and reduced inter-fiber friction. These findings suggest that this method offers a promising, cost-effective approach for improving the structural integrity of curved wood components.

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Published

2025-04-30

How to Cite

Shen, H., Bai, C., Zhang, F., Sun, Y., Zhuo, X., Ding, R., … Qiu, J. (2025). Effects of Hydrothermal-Chemical Treatments on Bending Performance and Physical-Mechanical Properties of Four Timber Species. BioResources, 20(2), 4635–4661. Retrieved from https://ojs.bioresources.com/index.php/BRJ/article/view/24491

Issue

Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025)

Section

Research Article or Brief Communication