Chemical and Mechanistic Aspects of Wood Finishing: A Review Encompassing Paints and Clear Coats

Abstract

This review article considers the formulation of a broad range of coatings designed for the protection and changing the appearance of wood surfaces. Findings from the literature are considered from the standpoint of the main chemical components, how they can be formulated into a spreadable product, the events leading to curing, and factors affecting the performance of the resulting coating layers on wood surfaces. A series of hypotheses are considered, relating to the mechanisms underlying wood coating products and their usage. Special attention is paid to the topics of adhesion at the coating-wood interface, the development of film strength and hardness, and challenges related to the past and continuing development of waterborne coating formulations. The modern technologist seeking to coat wood has many options to choose from, and there has been a need to make current knowledge related to the field more available to the wider scientific community.