Sonic Heritage and Acoustic Profiling of the Gendang Kecapi: A Bamboo-Based Instrument from Kelantan, Malaysia

Authors

  • Aaliyawani Ezzerin Sinin Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Humanities, Management and Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Bintulu Campus, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • Sinin Hamdan Faculty of Engineering, University Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • Khairul Anwar Mohd Said Faculty of Engineering, University Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8625-9467
  • Muhamad Zuhairi Sulaiman Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26600 Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
  • Mawar Suhaila Ab Razak Faculty of Applied and Creative Art, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • Ahmad Faudzi Musib Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Keywords:

‘Gendang Kecapi’, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Time frequency analysis (TFA), Canang, Gong, Gendang

Abstract

This study considered the ‘Gendang Kecapi’ (GK) musical instrument, the sounds of which were recorded in an anechoic chamber. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) data was obtained using a Picoscope oscilloscope. The GK is an idiochord bamboo tube zither from Kelantan, Malaysia. The GK have two strings (called canang), two gongs, and a gendang (drum). The instrument produced unique and innovative sounds. The time frequency analysis (TFA) used Adobe Audition to produce the spectrograms. The fundamental frequency (f0) of string 1 (canang ibu) and string 2 (canang anak) are 0.888 kHz (A5) and 1.054 kHz (C6), respectively. The f0 of gong 1 (gong ibu) and gong 2 (gong anak) are 0.230 kHz (A3#) and 0.246 kHz (B3), respectively. The f0 of gendang is 0.380 kHz (F4#). The frequency spectrum showed less distinct fundamental frequency with several lower partial frequencies at 0.017, 0.100, and 0.200 kHz.

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Published

2025-04-09

How to Cite

Sinin, A. E., Hamdan, S., Mohd Said, K. A., Sulaiman, M. Z., Ab Razak, M. S., & Musib, A. F. (2025). Sonic Heritage and Acoustic Profiling of the Gendang Kecapi: A Bamboo-Based Instrument from Kelantan, Malaysia. BioResources, 20(2), 4009–4019. Retrieved from https://ojs.bioresources.com/index.php/BRJ/article/view/24285

Issue

Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025)

Section

Research Article or Brief Communication