Antibacterial Performance of Biodegradable Polymer and Hazelnut Husk Flour Antibacterial Biofilm with Silver Nanoparticles

Nadir Ayrılmıs; Elif Yurttas; Nurten Tetik; Ferhat Özdemir; Sivasubramanian Palanisamy; Aravindhan Alagarsamy; Siva Ramasamy; Mika Sillanpää; Saleh A Al-Farraj

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Nadir Ayrılmıs Department of Wood Mechanics and Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye
Elif Yurttas Department of Wood Mechanics and Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye
Nurten Tetik Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry and Metallurgy, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Türkiye
Ferhat Özdemir Department of Wood Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Türkiye
Sivasubramanian Palanisamy Department of Mechanical Engineering, P T R College of Engineering & Technology, Thanapandiyan Nagar, Austinpatti, Madurai-Tirumangalam Road, Madurai, 625008, Tamilnadu, India; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chennai Institute of Technology, Sarathy Nagar, Kundrathur, Chennai-600069, Tamilnadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1926-4949
Aravindhan Alagarsamy Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andra Pradesh, 522501, India
Siva Ramasamy Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
Mika Sillanpää Functional Materials Group, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mubarak Al-Abdullah, 32093 Kuwait; Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura-140401, Punjab, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy, and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa; Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Ajitgarh, India; Sustainability Cluster, UPES School of Advanced Engineering, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India; Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 602105, India
Saleh A Al-Farraj Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11312, Saudi Arabia

Keywords:

Hazelnut husk waste, Silver nanoparticles, Lignocellulosic, Antibacterial performance, Biocomposite film

Abstract

The antibacterial performance of biocomposite films prepared from lignocellulosic waste (hazelnut husk or hazelnut leafy green cover) modified with silver nanoparticles and polylactic acid (PLA) was determined. The amount of hazelnut husk in the PLA matrix ranged from 10 to 40% by weight in 10% increments. The composite pellets were produced using a twin-screw extruder. Biocomposite films of 0.6 mm x 40 mm x 200 mm were produced from the pellets in a laboratory hydraulic hot press. The surfaces of the modified hazelnut husk and biocomposite specimens were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The antibacterial activity of the biocomposite films against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was determined using the ASTM E 2149 (2020) method. The antibacterial activity of the biocomposite films increased noticeably with the addition of hazelnut husk modified with the silver nanoparticles. Compared to the pure PLA film, the biocomposite films with 10 wt% modified husk flour showed the lowest antibacterial activity (31.3%) against S. aureus over 24-h while the films with 40 wt% showed the highest antibacterial activity (99.9%). The biocomposite films made of hazelnut husk flour with silver nanoparticles and PLA matrix could be considered for food packaging applications.

Antibacterial Performance of Biodegradable Polymer and Hazelnut Husk Flour Antibacterial Biofilm with Silver Nanoparticles

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