Bio-based Lubricants: Progress in Research

Authors

  • Yinan Hao College of Material Science and Art Design, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; National Forestry Grassland Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Development and Utilization of Sandy Shrubs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
  • Kai Zhang College of Material Science and Art Design, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; National Forestry Grassland Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Development and Utilization of Sandy Shrubs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
  • Jingwen Wang College of Material Science and Art Design, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; National Forestry Grassland Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Development and Utilization of Sandy Shrubs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
  • Renfei Wang Geology and Mining Ecological Construction Limited of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
  • Guo Zhang Geology and Mining Ecological Construction Limited of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
  • Rao Duan College of Material Science and Art Design, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; National Forestry Grassland Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Development and Utilization of Sandy Shrubs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
  • Mengyao Li College of Material Science and Art Design, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; National Forestry Grassland Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Development and Utilization of Sandy Shrubs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
  • Zhiyuan Ren Afforestation Field of Erdos, Erdos 014300, China
  • Shuo Wang Woqi Ecological Agriculture Limited of Jungar Banner, Ordos, China
  • Ximing Wang College of Material Science and Art Design, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; National Forestry Grassland Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Development and Utilization of Sandy Shrubs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China

Keywords:

Bio-based lubricants, Bio-lubricant base oils, Kinematic viscosity, Viscosity index, Solidifying point

Abstract

Biomass is widely distributed, inexpensive, and easily obtainable. As a transportable and storable organic carbon source, biomass has significant advantages in terms of sustainability, environmental friendliness, resource richness, and versatility. The utilization of biomass resources instead of traditional non-renewable energy is advantageous for addressing issues related to energy, the environment, and product diversity. The conversion of biomass into energy chemicals serves as an effective complement to current energy products. In addition to their role as a protective agent, lubricants play a crucial role in machinery operation. This paper provides a comprehensive review of various plant-based lubricant-based oil synthesis technologies with promising applications, such as olefin metathesis, cross-lactone, plant sugar fermentation, and C-C coupling. It also covers modification techniques including additive, chemical, and biological modifications. Technical process of each synthesis and modification method is summarized, as well as the physical and chemical properties of the obtained lubricating oil products. This technology also overcomes limitations of traditional vegetable oil modification methods. A thorough analysis is provided on the performance and process economics of plant-based lubricant base oil synthesis technology to guide industrial development in this area. Additionally, it includes an analysis of future trends in plant-based lubricant synthesis technology.

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Published

2025-07-16 — Updated on 2025-07-31

How to Cite

Hao, Y., Zhang, K., Wang, J., Wang, R., Zhang, G., Duan, R., … Wang, X. (2025). Bio-based Lubricants: Progress in Research. BioResources, 20(3), 8349–8373. Retrieved from https://ojs.bioresources.com/index.php/BRJ/article/view/23744

Issue

Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)

Section

Scholarly Review