Miscibility, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of Recycled Waste Tire Rubber-Modified Polystyrene Sustainable Composites

Abstract

Waste tires represent an important source of polymer waste. The ground tire rubber derived from waste tires is a recycled product that can be combined with polystyrene (PS) to produce high-performance PS and waste rubber composites. To improve composite material performance, surface grafting modification of waste tire rubber with styrene to enhance properties of PS composites as a novel approach was investigated. The surface morphology and structure of polystyrene grafted waste tire rubber powder via a conventional free radical polymerization were confirmed successfully using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses in addition to the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The comparative mechanical and thermal property analysis of PS sustainable composites with recycling waste tire rubber powder with and without surface grafting modifications indicated an approximate 4-fold increase in the impact strength of polystyrene grafted waste tire rubber reinforced PS sustainable composites in addition to enhanced interfacial miscibility. The development of sustainable composite materials from recycled waste tire provides a novel avenue to achieve close-loop polymer recycling, which is of significance in the development of the circular economy and an environmentally friendly society.